UPDATE: Elmbrook Schools Chief Disappointed in Church-Graduation Ruling
Holding public high school graduation ceremonies in a Town of Brookfield mega-church violated the Constitution, a federal appeals court ruled Monday.
(Updated 1 p.m. Tuesday:) Elmbrook School Superintendent Mark Hansen expressed disappointment Tuesday that a court ruled holding graduations at Elmbrook Church violated the First Amendment, and said Elmbrook will continue to use Brookfield East High's field house for future ceremonies.
"While we are disappointed with the majority opinion of the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, since 2010 the School District of Elmbrook has used its new field house at Brookfield East to accommodate graduation ceremonies for both high schools," Hansen said. "The district will continue to use the field house in the future. There is no further need for graduation ceremonies to be held at Elmbrook Church."
The school district's legal counsel, Kristi Foy said the district had not made a decision on whether to see review by the U.S. Supreme Court.
"Given the recent ruling, we are currently working with legal counsel to determine how to proceed in a manner that most efficiently resolves this case," Foy said.
Hansen said the district is focusing on its primary mission: educating students and not where to hold graduations.
"Our primary focus as a district has always been to spend our time and resources on educating our students," Hansen said.
A federal appeals court ruled Monday that the Elmbrook School District violated the First Amendment to the Constitution when it held previous graduation ceremonies in a church.
The decision by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit based in Chicago was 7-3. An attorney for the plaintiffs said it was the first federal court ruling in the nation on the issue of holding public graduations in a religious setting.
The court said its ruling was not broadly rejecting governmental use of church spaces, citing legal precedent for churches to be used as polling sites and a charter school's location in a church space without religious iconography. But it said in this case Elmbrook Church's cross and other religious materials in the presence of the public school graduation ceremony violated the Constitution.
"An unacceptable amount of religious endorsement and coercion occurred when the District held important civil ceremonies in the proselytizing environment of Elmbrook Church," U.S. Circuit Judge Joel M. Flaum wrote in the opinion.
Do you agree with the decision or not? Share your thoughts in the comments.
Americans United for Separation of Church and State, who sued on behalf of nine families whose names were kept anonymous, praised the reversal.
"We are very pleased with today’s decision," Alex J. Luchenitser, the group's associate legal director, told Patch in an email.
"As a result of today’s ruling, no student or parent in the three states covered by the Seventh Circuit (Wisconsin, Indiana, and Illinois) will ever be forced to enter an intensely religious environment of a faith not their own in order to attend their high-school graduation — a seminal event in the lives of students and parents," he said.
Elmbrook reviewing decision with attorneys
Elmbrook School officials said Monday they waiting to comment until they reviewed the opinion with legal counsel. To challenge Monday's ruling, the school district would need to seek a rare review by the U.S. Supreme Court.
Luchenitser said he believed the decision would have a "broad impact all across the country, and discourage school districts" from holding their graduations in religious spaces.
He noted that last week the school district in Enfield, Connecticut, agreed to settle with Americans United for Separation of Church and State to end its practice of holding graduations in a megachurch. The Enfield Board of Education voted 6-3 to settle and have the district's insurer pay a portion of the plaintiff's legal costs, reportedly up to $500,000.
Regarding the Elmbrook case, Luchenitser said some of the nine plantiffs have sought monetary damages that have not yet been set. He said he would seek a settlement with Elmbrook, rather than have the federal court establish damages.
Monetary damages unresolved
"While some of the plaintiffs have sought monetary damages in their complaint, this is not a major part of the case," he said.
"Some of the plaintiffs were so deeply uncomfortable attending graduations at Elmbrook Church – an intensely religious environment festooned with proselytizing symbols, banners and pamphlets of a faith not their own – that their graduations ceremonies were ruined as a result. The plaintiffs did not want their own families, or anyone else, to be subjected to that kind of experience in the future," he said.
Elmbrook said that a desire for better comfort, air conditioning and space spurred it to hold its graduation ceremonies for years at Elmbrook Church, a nondemoninational Christian in the Town of Brookfield, rather than the hot school gym with bleachers.
Then-Superintendent Matt Gibson asked the church to cover its large cross in the sanctuary above the graduation stage but the church refused. There also were other religious symbols and in some cases, some evangelism near the entrance, according to the lawsuit brought by the Washington D.C.-based Americans United. Families sat in the pews.
Elmbrook moved its graduation ceremonies back to the high school in 2010, after building a new field house at Brookfield East High School. Graduations have not been held in the church since 2009.
Americans United said their clients want to ensure Elmbrook doesn't return the ceremonies to the church.
Monday's ruling reverses the finding of the federal appeals court's three-member panel, which had ruled, 2-1, that Elmbrook could hold its graduation ceremonies in a church.
Scott Mathison
6:20 pm on Monday, July 23, 2012
Yes, we live in a country of perpetually offended people.
Ann
4:42 pm on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
LOL, Yes, it gets old.
Stace Rierson
10:20 pm on Thursday, July 26, 2012
AH, to me we live in a country of MANY narrow-minded, intolerant, bigoted, provincial, and insular people. Same nation, multiple ways of seeing the same issue. : ) Cheers, Scott!
Lyle Ruble
6:38 pm on Monday, July 23, 2012
Good decision. Definitely a violation of the establishment clause.
Andy Smith
7:20 pm on Monday, July 23, 2012
Absolutely n. o. t. a violation of the 1st Amendment to the United States Constitution-- in no way was the Elmbrook School District attempting to establish a religion. I would contribute to a legal action fund with a specific intention to fund a successful appeal of this ruling to the United States Supreme Court. Sitting in an atmosphere of patriotism to attend an event does not make you a patriot. Sitting in a synagogue to attend an event does not make you a Jew. Sitting in an operating room to attend an event does not make you a surgeon. If you think I'm wrong, specifically what religion did the Elmbrook Schools create by holding graduation ceremonies in a facility because it was: a) large enough to handle the crowd; b) air-conditioned for the comfort and health of those attending; c) equipped with adequate restroom, gathering and pre-event facilities; d) equipped with professional-quality audio-visual and lighting applications for an audience and ceremony that size; and, e) outfitted with adequate and safe parking? The only thing being lauded and worshipped was common sense-- that, again, has been sacrificed on the Altar of Idiot Liberalism. Perhaps that's what we ought to ban. Appeal it, School Board. It's important. And, let's learn the identities of our accusers rather than continuing to allow the cowards to hide behind their attorneys and shield their faces. If they live in this community and choose to take this community to court, let us know who they are.
Diana Smeltzer
8:42 am on Wednesday, July 25, 2012
Ditto!
Stace Rierson
10:29 pm on Thursday, July 26, 2012
I agree in that I don't find it a violation of the First Amendment. However, I do find holding the graduation in Elmbrook Church problematic. Holding it at ANY religious institution would be problematic for me, as I care about others' feelings and perceptions, and how OTHERS might be uncomfortable being in a Lutheran Church, or a Jewish Synagogue, or Buddhist Shrine, or a Muslim Mosque, or a Mormon Temple, or Jehovah's Kingdom Hall..... For sure I would be one of "those idiot liberals" you refer to...? If so, then I claim that title happily, for my parents raised me well, to think of others' needs and be open minded. THANK YOU MOM AND DAD!!
Wendy Penney
7:29 pm on Monday, July 23, 2012
So where would the nine families like the ceremony to be held? If you are going to complain, be prepared to be involved in creating the solution.
Randy1949
8:48 pm on Monday, July 23, 2012
Aren't most high school graduation ceremonies held in the school auditorium or gym? I know mine was and so was my son's. Was there any reason why Elmbrook schools had to do things differently?
Sandra Schultz
8:36 pm on Monday, July 23, 2012
"An unacceptable amount of religious endorsement and coercion occurred when the District held important civil ceremonies in the proselytizing environment of Elmbrook Church,"
Really? No offense to those who attend this church but the first time I stepped foot in this church, which was for my son's graduation, I remember thinking (coming from a Catholic Church background) that the facility looked more like an airport than a church with it's simple lines, tv monitors, and it's large capacity. Seeing I was there for the graduation ceremony I didn't dwell on the intricate details but was so grateful for the air-conditioning, comfortable seats and the ability to see my child receive his diploma close up with no interference with the aid of the jumbotron. So NO I do not agree with this ruling. Andy I think your comment was well stated.
William
9:09 am on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
,,," so grateful for the air-conditioning, comfortable seats and the ability to see my child receive his diploma close up with no interference with the aid of the jumbotron." LOL. Gotta wonder how Jesus ever drew a crowd.
BJones
8:55 pm on Monday, July 23, 2012
What does the new superintendent have to say about this? So far, all I see is he is unavailable for comment.
Lisa Sink
1:12 pm on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
The district released a statement within the last hour; fyi, I updated the story with the superintendent's response.
Jill berger
9:39 pm on Monday, July 23, 2012
Glad to see this very common sense ruling. Separation of church and state is what this country fought for...why can't people remember that? If you want faith-based education, there are many private schools in the area.
Sure, parking might be tight and you might wish for better air conditioning, but isn't your child worth the discomfort and inconvenience?
KKP
6:46 am on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
...why can't people remember that the actual Separation of Church and State is "freedom OF religion" not "freedom FROM religion"....
This was not an instance of faith based education. It was merely a building in which to hold a graduation. There was no religion involved. And Elmbrook Church is HARDLY a traditional, heavily iconed religious building. If the sight of a cross is that unbearable to someone, I'd love to see if they have the same reaction when they see a Star of David or a Menorah.
Tom Jones
11:35 pm on Monday, July 23, 2012
Hope this never happens in my own community..the local church lets our high school use their building for SO many events... band/choir concerts, standardized testing, national honor society induction, breakfast after the prom mystery trip, just to name a few...and there is no religious meaning behind it at all, the congregation is just being kind and supporting the school. I think the situation was probably similar in Elmbrook, and it's a shame it had to come to this.
Nostrad
7:22 am on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
Unbelievable they even did it in the first place. Did I wake up and get transported to Iran? Many Christians have such an entitlement mentality, if this was a Mosque they would have been up in arms, but since it was a Christian church that makes it ok.
Randy1949
9:39 am on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
You took the words right out of my keyboard. After reading all the fuss about the mere building of a mosque in Brookfield, I wonder how all these parents would have felt about seeing their kids graduating under the Crescent?
I'm not offended by the sight of a cross so much as the blatant reminder that I and my child are in the minority and "don't you forget it!"
Tom
8:12 am on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
Constitutionally we all have a right to face our accuser. What about the rest of our rights?
Lyle Ruble
8:51 am on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
Whenever we approach the line separating religion and state, we find ourselves in the uncomfortable position of deciding what is a constitutional violation and what is not. The question; if a building has a primary purpose of religious activity and observance is that a necessary and sufficient condition to ban any and all government functions from occurring in such a space?
What seems to happen is that the dominant religious majority usually takes the position that it is not a violation while the minority sees it as such a violation. I think what is germane to the discussion is that the full intent of the constitution is to protect the minority from the will of the majority. In our democratic republic, the majority rules through a specific political process. However, the limits on majority rule is placed precisely at the point that would violate inalienable and alienable rights of a minority, as provided through the social contract of the U.S. Constitution.
Therefore, in this case the appealite court ruled correctly to protect the minority position. If one errs, it is better to err on the side of minority rights. This is not strictly a ruling on religious establishment, but the protection of minority rights.
momsmysti
9:46 am on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
If that's unconstitutional then what's next, you can't have a polling site in a church because that may influence your vote??
Lyle Ruble
9:56 am on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
@momsysti....Interesting question. Maybe it will be challenged soon.
Randy1949
10:02 am on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
Do they have the polling booths in the sanctuary, with the churches refusing to cover the religious symbols?
It isn't about influencing the vote. It's about the constant reminder to the religious minorities that they are, in fact, the religious minorities. It used to be completely acceptable for the public schools to start the day with a 'non-denominational' Christian prayer. After all, the rest of us could just bow our heads in silence or leave the room.
KCfactr
2:44 pm on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
@ Jill Berger - My question is, where should it have been held instead? Wendy makes an excellent point. As soon as the fieldhouse was constructed, Elmbrook immediately moved back to the school campus. I am not "opposed to the opposers," but I am yet to see an opponent of the church's use propose a feasible alternative. Prior to 2002, commencement was held in the school gymnasiums. It was a sweltering environment - people dressed up and gowned up, packed like sardines into an inadequately ventilated space. Each graduate was limited to a certain number of people (perhaps 3-4). Those with large families had to choose between which relatives, siblings, etc, to attend. And even with a "capped" attendance, the heat and humidity became a health hazard, and a crowd of such size was an unacceptable fire hazard. It compromised safety, comfort, and health. Forced to look elsewhere, the District sought out that alternative.
I also want to point out one very, VERY important detail - the selection process. As an Elmbrook alum who graduated at Elmbrook Church, I want to add that the senior class VOTED on the facilities. We were given three options: Elmbrook Church, the school gymnasium, or the Waukesha County Expo Center. This was not made my officials and administrators. We, as students, overwhelmingly chose this year after year. The Expo Center would have been an enormous cost - rental, podium/chair setup, logistics. And I doubt the district could reserve it for a weekend in June.
Lynne Thomas
11:00 pm on Tuesday, July 24, 2012
Is there any particular reason why the district doesn't/can't use the Wilson Center? Seems like that would be the perfect venue.
KCfactr
12:02 am on Wednesday, July 25, 2012
Lynne - While the Wilson Center is undoubtedly a beautiful facility, it is actually quite small. The seating capacity of the large auditorium is roughly 620 seats. Since the typical Elmbrook graduating class tops 300, and at least 20-30 school staff sit with students during the ceremony, every grad could only bring one guest. In the initial design for that auditorium, I believe the plan was for 1,400+ seats, but expense and size wasn't feasible at the time. Otherwise it would be nice to use such a nice community facility!
Diana Smeltzer
8:40 am on Wednesday, July 25, 2012
It was a wonderful venue where both of my children's ceremonies were held. I was so grateful for for the amenties: air, comfortable seats, great audio and visual. It is too bad that the few ruin it for so many.
Randy1949
10:29 am on Wednesday, July 25, 2012
As long as you would be equally comfortable and grateful if those amenities were provided by the new mosque that had such a difficult time getting approval in Brookfield.
Jill berger
2:11 pm on Wednesday, July 25, 2012
Where should the ceremonies have taken place? At a non-religious site. Sounds like there were options given to he students/families. The rights of minorities are being protected with this decision. Everyone is not Christian! Property taxes in Brookfield- are much lower than surrounding communities. Perhaps a small increase would pay for a school auditorium that would be big and air conditioned with plenty of parking.
Stace Rierson
10:11 pm on Thursday, July 26, 2012
How would you feel if the graduation service was held in the new Brookfield Mosque? Would you feel AT ALL (even 0.001%) uncomfortable, or questioning? It's just a religious institution, right? Even if you feel the slightest smidgen of "uncomfortable-ness," perhaps that will help you empathize with those who felt Elmbrook Church was not an appropriate place for a high school graduation.
To me, it's not an issue of constitutionality. However, as a liberal, free-thinking, open-minded, empathetic, Unitarian Universalist raised in Elm Grove, I would certainly balk at a graduation ceremony in Elmbrook Church. I THANK GOD(S) that my parents raised me to think of others' needs, wants, and life-style choices* (See definition of empathy, below). Empathy, people...it's the titanium rule--to treat people how THEY wish to be treated, not how you think they should be treated. For god's sake (Oh my goodness this Unitarian Universalist does believe in God!!), THINK OF OTHERS.
* Definition of empathy from Alvin Goldman: "The ability to put oneself into the mental shoes of another person to understand her emotions and feelings."
Randy1949
10:28 am on Friday, July 27, 2012
No one answered my question about the mosque when I raised it. Because who could possibly be offended by a very large cross right over the podium where the graduate receives his or her diploma?
And, given that sitting on bleachers in the gym has become too much of a sacrifice for today's families, if a larger venue was required it should have been one that either had no overt religious symbolism or was willing to cover it in return for the fee.
Keith Best
7:37 am on Wednesday, August 1, 2012
This decision is a load of (quoting Bart Simpson) "crappy, crap, crap". If a graduation was held at a Synagogue, I as a Christian would NOT CARE. As long as the facility was the best venue.
I am soooo sick of political correctness. Common sense says use the best facility available, even if it is a church. This is still a Christian nation, I don't care what Obama thinks.
Lyle Ruble
9:15 am on Wednesday, August 1, 2012
@Keith Best....A Christian nation, since when? Show me in the constitution where it states that it is and should be a Christian nation.
Keith Best
9:22 am on Wednesday, August 1, 2012
Oh Lyle, really? Of course it's not in the constitutuon, and I NEVER said it "should be a Christian nation. The facts are that a majority of people in the USA identify themselves as Christian. You can look it up.
Randy1949
9:47 am on Wednesday, August 1, 2012
I'm sure majority of US citizen identify themselves as being Christian. Too bad a majority of them don't behave that way. (Here's a hint -- being Christian means a lot more than occasionally walking through the doors of a building with white clapboard and a cute steeple.)
Lyle Ruble
10:00 am on Wednesday, August 1, 2012
@Keith Best....So what if most identify themselves as Christian. How does that apply to the 1st amendment? Stick a fork in yourself, you're done.
Summer Roberts
8:03 pm on Sunday, August 19, 2012
The First Amendment was not violated, in my opinion. So many people cry violation, because they need to call it violating something. It was a violation of some people's comfort, sure. I feel for them. But some people think that the establishment clause is violated any time religion and government so much as cross.
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof...." ...this was not violated.
In precedent, many courts have decided an action is not establishment if:
1.the statute (or practice) has a secular purpose;
2.its principal or primary effect neither advances nor inhibits religion; and
3.it does not foster an excessive government entanglement with religion.
It was a non-religious, secular graduation.
The establishment clause was created to prevent the federal government from creating a national church and to keep the government from corrupting the church. One should read, in context, Jefferson’s letter before using this term so out of context.
As long as no one is forced to participate, and no preference is given to a single denomination, then it is constitutional. That is elementary constitutional law.
Randy1949
9:33 am on Monday, August 20, 2012
True, no one was forced to participate if they were willing to forgo their graduation ceremony. The denomination that was favored was 'Christian'.
Summer Roberts
10:16 am on Monday, August 20, 2012
Except there was no religious service, noone spoke of God. Also, the government was not there with the intention of acting out any new law with respect to the church that the ceremony was held at. Congress did nothing. The school was merely using the facilities for a secular ceremony, with a purpose that did not advance any religion. No denomination was favored unless there was talk of God. It was merely a facility that had all of the amenities that were needed and apparently favored by the students who voted on the facilities. This is a civil thing, is all I am saying.. where a few people got their feathers ruffled because they were uncomfortable and needed to make it something big. Fine, we also have freedom of Speech..But the First Amendment was not violated. The idea behind separation of church and state (which that exact wording is not in there), using the words in the Constitution, was not violated. Thats all I'm saying! People go around with every little thing that could even remotely call into the question the "separation of church and state" if it has to do with religion in any sense. But they need to read the actual Constitution and the establishment clause. Our government has not tried to establish one religion. This whole thing was brought about to stop our government from making something big and powerful, "Church of England"-style. This was definately not the case with a secular graduation ceremony that one school had at a church facility.
Randy1949
10:33 am on Monday, August 20, 2012
Other than the large cross above the podium and the religious material in the seats, there was no talk of God. Assume you're a Jehovah's Witness, for whom the cross is offensive, and your graduation picture would feature a very large one. And the Witnesses are a Christian denomination.
You speak of ruffled feathers and discomfort as if they were minor things. In this case,Elmbrook Church declined to cover a very large religious symbol while making their facility available for a secular public event. Imagine the graduation being held in a mosque, where the management declined to suspend other religious rules, and women had to cover their heads or stay away altogether if it was the wrong time of the month.
You're right -- Congress did nothing in this instance. But the establishment clause extends to state and local governments as well, and that includes school boards. I date from an era when it was considered harmless to require a 'non-sectarian' prayer at the beginning of the day. Never mind that the Christian nature of the prayer or the fact that it was to any sort of deity established a preference.
Lyle Ruble
10:41 am on Monday, August 20, 2012
@Summer Roberts....The principle idea of the establishment clause is to protect the religious freedom of the minority. The US is overwhelmingly Christian, which constitutes the majority, and of course it doesn't violate the sensibilities of Christians. However, put yourself in the position of a minority and see if you don't view it with a different lens. I am a religious minority and I fully understand the principle that is challenged. There should be a clear wall between the sacred and the secular. Just because a majority of students voted to hold it there doesn't make it right.
Randy1949
10:56 am on Monday, August 20, 2012
@Lyle -- This indicates to me that the majority voting students should have paid more attention in Government class, assuming there still is such a thing as 'Government' class. In their defense, they probably couldn't have known that Elmbrook Church would refuse to cover the cross or remove religious literature from the seating.
This was a borderline issue, not unlike those 'spontaneous voluntary' early morning meetings at the flagpole to pray in a public school. Is that free speech or religious coercion? Of course there's be hell to pay (pun intended) if those students were getting together to chant "Hail Satan!"
BCHS06
4:24 pm on Thursday, August 23, 2012
lyle, so if the students want to graduate there then why not let them graduate there? why make them graduate at a school they did not attend and were rivals? why should anyone care what you think? are you graduating HS (you only do it once!) or are the students that want it at elmbrook church?
Summer Roberts
11:05 am on Monday, August 20, 2012
If I had to actually do things to my body in order to be there, I would be offended. But I am not sure I would be offended if they didn't enforce any rules to make me feel like they were trying to conform me to their religion while I was there. Just simply seeing their symbols, etc. would mean nothing to me. Because, not being my religion, they wouldn't hold any meaning to me. If they tried to control my dress, that isn't appropriate.
If the church had said that everyone had to wear dresses and slacks and noone could wear shorts, et cetera, that would seem like them pushing their views and values on them. Do I think they could have covered their cross? Absolutely, they could have. It was the churches own First Amendment right to display it. It was the students decision to overlook it and continue to hold the ceremony there. But I still don't see where the First Amendment was violated in this case. I am not that old (getting older!), but I remember prayer in schools, so it couldn't have been that long ago that it was allowed. We also said the pledge every day. That was such a pride of our beloved country and the principles on which it was founded.
I do not judge others religion or beliefs. It is unfair to do so as everyone has the right to their freedom of religion. To each their own. But, I stand by my thinking that the constitution was not violated in this case. It's just too far of a reach. That is just my opinion, everyone has their own. Even the courts! ;)
Randy1949
11:14 am on Monday, August 20, 2012
1962. I remember it well because we eighth graders had a joke:
Teacher: What are you kids doing whispering at the back of the class?
Students: We're telling dirty jokes.
Teacher: Thank goodness - I was afraid you were praying.
This was a grey area in regards to the Constitution, which was why it had to go through the courts.
By the way, even at the age of ten I had begun to leave the words 'under God' out of the Pledge of Allegiance. The government has no business putting religious sentiments into my mouth.
BCHS06
4:20 pm on Thursday, August 23, 2012
congrats randy, what an intelligent man you were at such a young age! too bad you're immaturity then is now just a pain in the butt for everyone else. Thanks for making me graduate at a school that was my cross-town rival. what a BIG man you are!
Randy1949
4:33 pm on Thursday, August 23, 2012
I didn't make you graduate anywhere. I think that was the decision of your school board. Imagine it -- having to graduate in an actual school building and a cross-town rival at that! Oh, the horror!
Just curious -- what class year were you?